G - K
George Town (Tasmania)
Named by Macquarie
after George III in December 1811 as the site for a new town on the Tamar River
in northern Tasmania.
George Bass and Matthew Flinders named the Tamar River
here Port Dalrymple in 1798.
The first party of European settlers landed here
under Colonel William Paterson in 1804; however, within weeks Paterson had moved
to the west bank of the the Tamar at York Town (now called Beaconsfield).
Permanent settlement was established in 1811, prior to Macquarie's visit, and
officially surveyed in 1813. At Macquarie's request, the administration of
northern Tasmania moved from Launceston to George Town in 1819, but returned
there in 1824. The anchorage and nearby bays were used by larger vessels until
the port of Launceston became more developed in the late 1820's.
Good Hope, Cape of (South Africa)
The Cape of Good Hope was
originally a Dutch colony, founded in 1651 and used as a port of call on the sea
route to her colonies in the East Indies. It was captured by the British fleet in
1795, returned to the Dutch in 1801, and then recaptured in 1806 and retained by
the British thereafter. It was taken and held chiefly for the benefit of the
British East India Company and to prevent the French from using it. Lachlan
Macquarie visited it on three occasions; firstly in June 1788 (for 10 days) on
his first voyage to India, on his return to England in March 1803, and lastly in
September/October 1809 (for 20 days).
The Cape had no safe anchorage. Table Bay was exposed to the wind and sea of the South Atlantic Ocean and was usable only in the summer months; in winter, ships were anchored at Simon's Bay (in False Bay), about thirty miles away from Cape Town by sea. Each time Macquarie visited the Cape, he took the opportunity for sightseeing and socialising after long sea voyages, the anchorage for his ships varied: Simon's Bay in 1788, and Table Bay in 1803 and 1809.
Government Hut (near Camden, NSW)
This hut was situated on the
northern bank of the Nepean River, at the Cowpasture Bridge, on entering Camden.
It is shown on a map of New South Wales by Charles Grimes (Surveyor in N.S.W.
from 1790 and Surveyor-General from 1794. Grimes was absent from the Colony on a
visit to England from 1803 to 1806 and left the Colony again in 1808). The map is
reproduced in Historical Records of N.S.W. vol. VI, opposite p. 410. The
date of this map is approximately 1803 with additions to 1806.
Gravesend (Kent, England)
Town and location for Thames River pilot
boats; area fringed by wide estuarine marshes and associated shoal flats. Vessels
would anchor in Gravesend Reach, which was straight and deep and unimpeded by
shifting banks. All movement above Gravesend, both in and out of the Thames was
largely governed by the tides.
Green Hills (NSW)
Windsor.
Hassall's Farm (NSW)
Farm located on the
eastern bank of the Nepean River, named 'Macquarie Grove' - belonged to Rowland Hassall. It is the
present day site for Camden Airport.
European settlement commenced along its banks in 1794 when Lt.Gov. Grose installed 22 settlers at the South Creek confluence and farming was established on its fertile river flats. By 1798 a small village known as Green Hills (later Windsor) had developed. The first settlers cultivated wheat and maize, and in the early years the Hawkesbury district was the chief granary for the colony. Flooding of the river became one of the major challenges and hardships for the early settlers of the district.
Conflict with the local Dharug people was at times severe and ferocious - with a number of deaths on both sides: for prior to white settlement the area was a rich source of food for the Dharug who fished in the river for mullet, netted birds in the river (and adjacent creeks and swamps), as well as trapping eels in the lagoons, digging up yams on the alluvial flats, and hunting marsupials in the nearby bush. European occupation of the river banks inevitably led to the destruction of the Aboriginal economy - and frontier war was its unfortunate outcome.
Hobart Town (Tasmania)
Named Hobart Town in
1804 after Lord Hobart, Secretary of State for Colonies; the abbreviated form of
Hobarton occasionally appears. Hobart Town gradually supplanted the Derwent as the name for the port.
When Macquarie visited in 1811 the town was a straggle of makeshift huts; as a consequence, he ordered a survey and the introduction of building regulations. Became the administrative centre for all of Van Diemen's Land in 1813. Developed as an important base for South Sea whalers, and also became a major shipbuilding centre.
Horn, Cape (Tierra del Fuego, Chile)
Location: 55° 59' S, 67° 16' W
The southernmost point of South America [more correctly Cape Hoorn or Kaap Van Hoorn]. Rocky headland 424 m high
on Horn Island in Tierra del Fuego. Notorious for stormy weather and heavy
seas.
Francis Drake has long been credited with the discovery of Cape Horn in 1577 on board the Pelican (later renamed The Golden Hind [100 tons]). However, the cape was first rounded on 29 January 1616 by the Dutch seamen Jacob le Maire and Willem Schouten, passing through the strait between Staten Island (Isla de los Estrodos) and Tierra del Fuego, which they named the Strait of Le Maire ( Estrecho de la Maire), and round Cape Horn, which they named in honour of Schouten's birthplace, the town of Hoorn in Holland, and also where the ship had been fitted out.
'False Cape Hoorn' is the southern extremity of Tierra del Fuego, whereas the true Cape Hoorn is on Hoorn Island, a little further south. [It became Cape Horn in English and Cabo de Hornos (the Cape of Ovens) in Spanish.
Hythe (Kent, England)
Coastal town (one of the original Cinque Ports).
Located on the eastern edge of Romney Marsh near Folkestone.
Illawarra. (NSW)
The first surveys of
grants were made late in November and early in December 1816 by John Oxley and
James Meehan. The grants were given by Macquarie in 1817. In his journal
Macquarie mentions 1817 grants to
David Allan, Robert Jenkins,
Richard Brooks and
Lieut. Colonel George Johnston.
Jamison Valley (NSW)
Named after Sir John Jamison (1776 -
1844). The valley referred to by Macquarie is the site of the town of Wentworth
Falls. The Governor gave the name of Prince Regent's Glen to the valleys now
named Jamieson, Megalong and Kanimbla.
'Jarvisfield' (Isle of Mull, Scotland)
Lachlan Macquarie's estate on
the Isle of Mull that he had acquired by purchase from his uncle Murdoch Maclaine
(18th laird of Lochbuie) in 1803, with additional purchases (later) from
the Duke of Argyll. At the time of his return to England in 1822 Lachlan owned
21,128 acres - these included all the key landholdings straddling the narrow
isthmus connecting the northern and southern portions of Mull. Macquarie had
named his estate 'Jarvisfield' in memory of his first wife, Jane Jarvis, who had
died from tuberculosis in 1796 (in China).
Kealy's Repulse (NSW)
[see Caley's Repulse].
The farm was a grant to William Waring, transferred to Joseph Kershaw in 1804. It was portion 38, parish of Wilberforce, on the road from Windsor to Wilberforce.
Kirboowallie (NSW)
Site of the original Government Hut for the Cowpastures
region near Camden - now known as Elderslie.
Mrs. King's Farm (NSW)
Mrs. Anna Josepha King. On 1 January 1806,
Governor King made grants totalling 2,340 acres to his son Phillip, aged 14, and
to his daughters Anna Maria, aged 12, Elizabeth, aged 8, and Mary, aged 11
months. On 1 January 1807, Governor Bligh made a grant of 790 acres to Mrs. King.
These farms adjoined one another on the South Creek, north of St. Mary's. They
were worked as one property by the widowed Mrs. King, then in England, on behalf
of herself and her children. Rowland Hassall was her agent.
Kloof, The (South Africa)
Also kloaf', 'kloff' [from Dutch
'clove': cleft]
In place names indicating a narrow, natural pass between
mountains; a gorge or valley; a ravine running running down a mountainside
Kobbatty-Hills (NSW)
Present-day Cobbity, near Camden.
Copyright © 1998-2007 Macquarie University.
All rights reserved.